Stress, Dieting, and Periodontal Disease free essay sample

Periodontal ailments are the most predominant constant sicknesses influencing youngsters, youths, grown-ups, and the old. The periodontium is a complex, exceptionally particular, stun engrossing and pressure-detecting framework comprising of four interrelated tissues supporting the teeth: cementum, periodontal tendon, alveolar bone and junctional and sulcular epithelia (1). Periodontal ailment can influence one or numerous teeth. It can likewise prompt dynamic bone misfortune around teeth, which can prompt releasing and conceivable loss of the teeth whenever left untreated. There are numerous elements to periodontal sickness that have been demonstrated to be legitimately identified with this developing ailment, in specific populaces and societies that have been demonstrated to stand apart more than others. Through examination and propelled concentrates with rules of assessment, stress and slimming down has been demonstrated to be related with periodontal disease(2). These extra factors include diet, way of life, societies, additionally remembering aggregate kinds of strains for ones regular day to day existence. Periodontal ailment is a disease of the tissues that help the teeth. We will compose a custom article test on Stress, Dieting, and Periodontal Disease or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page These contaminations are related with explicit pathogenic microscopic organisms that colonize the subgingival zone. At the point when the teeth are being upheld by the gingiva; the gingiva doesn't connect to the tooth immovably as one would might suspect. Some portion of the tooth’s life systems comprises of a shallow angular expanded called the sulcus which exists between the tooth and the gingiva. Periodontal illness influences this hole causing the tissue supporting the tooth to separate. Periodontal malady advances through various levels to become what it is. Examination considers show that a particular arrangement of rules during assessment of the relationship of stress and periodontal infection are significant. While proposing test draws near, explicitly in psychosocial stress and periodontal illness; present examinations and future analyses demonstrate the following six elements to be valuable. Periodontal sickness is estimated as exceptional malady result and ought not be remembered for a composite list with other oral diseases(3). Approved instruments are surveyed for pressure, trouble, and duplicating practices. These accommodating instruments, approved by earlier investigations, likewise on the populace for each applied for research. Signs of consistence with oral wellbeing association framework should gauge in danger practices. Counting oral wellbeing practices, for example, preventive dental visits, guidelines of oral cleanliness regimens, and an evaluation of plaque, gum disease, and other existing infection. By thoroughly building up psychosocial factors, for example, stress trouble, and adapting practices are genuine hazard factors for periodontal infection contextual analyses and case-control arrangement produce theories (4). These theories are over enormous cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological examinations. Studies in which systems of psychosocial stress or trouble show the use of periodontal ailment The need to show relationship and connection of applying various appraisals, for example, biochemical arbiters of stress, resistant capacities, or neurological and endocrine modifications just as conduct changes are huge in these cases(5). In conclusion are randomized controlled preliminary system, the intercession of studies utilizing pressure the executives to set up viability of alteration of worry as methodology of stress-related infection. Dealing with these controlled preliminaries permits to diminish pressure or pain. Periodontal sickness has been related for a considerable length of time with hazard factors, for example, oral condition, age, female hormones, family factors, smoking and nicotine, and illnesses related with periodontal ailment. While talking about oral condition the primary issue that rings a bell is absence of oral cleanliness. Absence of oral cleanliness energizes bacterial development and plaque arrangement, which places the oral depression into an entirely powerless situation for periodontal ailment. Insufficient molded reclamation has additionally made ascent to periodontal malady for its rebuilding efforts of fillings and crowns. By poor dentistry the rebuilding efforts help snare for flotsam and jetsam and plaque due to its imperfection in form. Anatomical tooth irregularities are powerful hazard factors similarly as poor reclamations would be, in view of these variations from the norm the teeth are not adjusted in their characteristic state making food particles develop to the stepping stool of periodontal sickness causing plaque and microscopic organisms arrangement. Finally would be the life systems of the third molars, otherwise called the astuteness teeth. This tooth particularly is a known to be a significant reproducing ground for microscopic organisms, by reason of its area and patients discovering trouble coming to posteriorly to the mouth while brushing. Different investigations of this specific tooth show the exceptional tissues encompassing this molar locale has been destructed of the plaque arrangement and the tissue turning out to be increasingly delicate when the third molar is affected, which means when the tooth is wedged between another tooth and the jaw. Next ordinarily related hazard factor with periodontal illness is age. Another issue in maturing, comes the expansion of getting periodontal sickness. Studies have demonstrated that 30% of the grown-ups in America have periodontal infection and generally found in individuals beyond seventy eighty six years old, eighty-six percent have periodontitis (6). Uncommon cases it has been appeared for youthful young people who are exposed to this illness. Adding to this is family factors, periodontal infection regularly happens to individuals from a similar family. A blend of variables have a place with this title, for example, closeness, hereditary qualities and cleanliness. An extensively significant factor is smoking and nicotine. Being the most critical factor, causing bone misfortune and gingival downturn and aggravation by lessening the measure of oxygen present in the gingiva tissue. At the point when nicotine joins with oral microscopic organisms, the creation levels desires are more noteworthy. Finally are ailments related with periodontal illness, for example, diabetes, type one and two, osteoporosis, herpes related gum disease, human immunodeficiency infection related with gum disease, immune system malady (7). Others maladies of hereditary issue are likewise at high hazard for periodontitis. Contemporary conceptualization of the pressure procedure bolsters the assessment of worry at three levels. Stressors, directing and interceding elements, and stress responses. These three elements have underlined the procedure and the solidarity stress can have on periodontal infection, including feelings and coping(8). These pressure reactions would be resolved basically by the procedure that makes customized impression of a pressure marker or a danger to ones wellbeing. The point of each examination is to unfurl persuasive factors, for example, character qualities, adapting procedures, and experimentation of referenced data (9). The goals of all examinations recommended that downturn, stress, and salivary cortisol are significant corresponds of periodontal malady. Subsequently, all things considered, periodontitis is identified with immunologic and conduct changes identified with psychologic states. Salivary cortisol appeared to have changed relationship with periodontal infection, on account of the results in models including pressure contrasted with models associated with wretchedness. Periodontitis is demonstrated while tending to despondency or stress. By emphatically proposing that pressure, trouble, and insufficient methods of taking care of troublesome circumstances of adapting are significant hazard pointers for periodontal illness. Besides, almost certainly, fundamental illness related with periodontal sickness, for example, diabetes, cardiovascular malady, preterm conveyance and osteoporosis may share psychosocial worry as a typical hazard factor. During these early beginnings of study and examination, prerequisite for one to completely comprehend the atomic and cell premise of the job of pressure, and thus these investigations may prompt viable intercession procedures that limit or nullify worry as a supporter of periodontal infection. Exploration has additionally demonstrated inside specific constraints this precise survey indicated a positive connection among stress and psychosocial factors and periodontal infection. Notwithstanding, alert ought to be utilized when deciphering this survey in light of the fact that the various strategies utilized in the included examinations may affect the consequences of the reports. The troubles inborn is segregating the variable of stress, the absence of a dependable standardizeâ mental investigation to measure and characterize most mental unsettling influences, the individual capacity of patients to adapt to negative life occasions, and the various kinds and clinical boundaries used to decide periodontal tissue breakdown may feline as a perplexing predispositions and cause result contortion at a few phases. lthough a positive relationship was seen among pressure and periodontal malady, further delegate research is have to decide the effect of pressure and mental factors as hazard factors for periodontal infection. Reference: Ng SKS, Leung WK. A people group concentrate on the connection between stress, adapting, full of feeling airs and periodontal connectio n misfortune. Network Dental Oral Epidemiol 2006; 24: 252-66 Page RC, Kornman KS. The pathogenesis of human periodontitis: a presentation. Periodontol 2000 1997; 14 9-11 Robert J. Genco, Alex W. Ho, Jeffrey Kopman, Sara G. Grossel, Robert G. Dunford and Lisa A. Tedesco. Models to Evaluate the Role of Stress in Periodontal Disease. Division of Oral Biology, Periodontal Disease Research Center, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo. Vol. 3, No 1, 288-302 July 1998. Amy E. Rosania, Kathryn G. Low, Cherly M. McCormick, and David A. Rosania. Stress, Depression, Cortisol, and Periodontal Disease. Division of Psychology, Bates College, Lewi

Management Leading and Managing Organizational Changee

Questions: 1. Clarify the urgent job of intelligent diaries in experiential learning. 2. Examine the fundamental highlights of intelligent composition. 3. Distinguish inquiries to address as you watch, consider and comprehend encounters. 4. Clarify how reflection empowers assessment and rebuilding of understanding to pick up knowledge, define new understanding, gain as a matter of fact and plan future activity. Answers: Presentation This examination manages driving and hierarchical change. It remembers intelligent diary for addresses went to by the understudy. I have assembled realities on hierarchical change and initiative in every one of the talk meetings. I delighted in every single meeting and picked up parcel of information simultaneously. Every meeting conveyed pretend that gave embodiment of useful situation. I had effectively taken part in every one of the pretend and posed inquiries any place required. Talk 1 In the principal address, we were clarified on wellsprings of protection from change. It incorporates administrative reactions just as compassion and backing. It incorporates correspondence and cooperation inclusion for the equivalent. It clarifies four periods of progress to change like forswearing, duty just as obstruction and investigation in a general way (Ylimaki Jacobson, 2011). I have assembled realities on favorable position of working in groups. It licenses individuals in increasing new ability just as creating instruct individuals. It permits information in partaking just as building accord in duty on disputable issues. It settle multi-possession issues just as maintains a strategic distance from evident choices. For Instance, Taxis Vs Uber is ideal case of Resistance to change. Going to this specific talk, I have related point with organizations like Uber. In all over urban communities on the planet, there was monstrous war between customary taxi organizations in against n ew type of rivalry. It was from Uber just as other ride-sharing administrations. Talk 2 Subsequent to going to second talk meetings, it clarifies the four periods of transitional change. In the event of conduct change, it includes support in relationship with remuneration in showing in visit ways. As it is negative methodology, it purposely includes discipline in relationship of undesired conduct in diminished recurrence just as conduct show. It clarifies hypotheses dependent on culture stun bend just as psychodynamic approach. It recommends formation of sense in mental wellbeing concerning change simultaneously (Tsoukas Chia, 2011). In the moving stage, it gives sufficient data suspecting proposed changes just as acquiring genuine movements conduct. In the refreezing stage, it actualizes new assessment framework just as recruiting and advancement framework in appropriate manners. For example, association oversees change viably as if there should be an occurrence of Wesfarmers. I have broke down that Wesfarmers shows tendency in changing with the business condition cont ending in worldwide commercial center. It requires understanding the present condition of an association. Proactive administration of progress streamlines future versatility in managing innovative manners and mechanical change in Wesfarmers. Talk 3 I might want to separate group just as gatherings in an association. Gathering personality includes individuals characterizing themselves in have a place with gathering. Gathering participation incorporates characterizing highlights of society. Gathering participation impacts singular conduct like giving feeling of way of life just as security. It targets creating structure including jobs just as building up standards and desires in individuals. It improves yields in aggregate help for strife in different gatherings. It includes in correspondence in type of shared information (Reis Geller, 2010). Cooperation is an entrenched procedure that is utilized inside association in picking up profits by bunch impacts in singular practices. After the finishing of talk, I unhesitatingly addressed inquiries in the following meetings. That itself is a model that we as a class cooperated in the group and examined the meeting in shared manner. We have directed fascinating gathering conversation in the class whereby all the colleagues performed for making it achievement. In general, I put stock in helping different colleagues in period of scarcity. This helping demeanor just as cooperating left us in understanding the idea of filling in as a group. Talk 4 I might want to clarify on Dunbar number. It is intriguing psychological cutoff points for individuals for keeping up stable social connections. These are connections for individual in every individual for relates in each individual. If there should arise an occurrence of Metcalfes law, it states estimation of broadcast communications arrange proportionate to the square in number of associated clients of the framework. I might want to examine on creating administration abilities for spurring staff individuals just as training for working in an association (Miner, 2011). Universalism is a strict just as philosophical idea with widespread application in appropriateness. It remembers regulations for thinking about individuals for an association. Possibility is a future occasion in forecast with conviction. For example, I comprehended that Dunbar number relates legitimately with keeping up connections at work environment. It is the procedure fir systems administration and building connec tions. I comprehended reality behind the Dunbar number. It requires some investment in sorting out contacts just as giving unequivocal bit of leeway for lion's share of individuals. Talk 5 I have gone to the fifth talks meeting that was continuation of initiative idea. It was clarified about pioneers of significant organizations who accept their activity in making of technique in authoritative procedures. I might want to remark that administrators should discover routes in review at workers qualities in examination with shortcoming. Compatible occupations clarify as business analyst. If there should arise an occurrence of social sorts, it clarifies qualities of cordial, helpful and understanding and named as social specialist. If there should arise an occurrence of customary kinds, it incorporates sorts of effective firm just as dull and named as bookkeeper. In the event of venturesome, they should represent the abilities of self-assurance, aggressive and fiery and realtors. In the event of creative sorts, it should present qualities of innovative, optimistic just as passionate and unreasonable and occupations as performers. I need to make a note on the individual qual ities of pioneers. Pioneers ought to have charming initiative and lively in nature. For Instance, We were clarified on Holland character work fit hypothesis. In the reasonable kind, character attributes incorporates real, bashful just as tenacious and down to earth in nature. Their consistent occupations are technician. If there should be an occurrence of insightful, character attributes incorporates scientific, unique just as inquisitive and autonomous for the equivalent (Manuel, 2011). Talk 6 I have accumulated realities and suppositions on participative administration and change. Idleness is considered as the obstruction of any physical item in any adjustments in the condition of movement. It includes in speed and bearing. It is the propensity for objects just as keeping move in an orderly fashion at steady speed. It guarantees strengthening of workers for having solid turn in overseeing association. For Instance, Democratic administration appropriates obligation among enrollment just as engaging gathering individuals in supporting gatherings dynamic procedure (Linstead Hopfl, 2012). Fair initiative styles improve in participative dynamic procedure. I comprehended that law based administration empowers ways whereby subordinates are free in communicating their perspective in appropriate strategy. Talk 7 On going to the seventh talk meetings, I have assembled realities on arranged change. It is set of exercises in an association that are generally purposeful just as objective arranged. One of the objectives for implemmented change remembers improving capacity of an association for adjusting changes in condition (Iterson, 2012). Ecological examining includes in PESTEL examination. In the unfreezing stage, representatives prepared for change. Change executes proposed change. If there should arise an occurrence of refreezing stage, it guarantees change gets lasting in nature. For example, it helps in looking for changed representative conduct for hierarchical achievement or disappointments of people just as gatherings in an association. Vital float is the idea of vital administration alluding in receptive to association instead of evolving condition. I have accumulated realities on culture that is practical in an association. Talk 8 I have assembled realities on powers of changes on going to the eighth talk meetings. There are two factors that manage changes specifically External Factors just as Internal Factors. Our speaker clarified that External elements changes because of monetary variables, Political elements, social just as segment and industry factors. These variables are outside in nature and hard to acquire any sort of progress an association (Goodman 2011). Inner elements incorporate low execution by workers, new administration, low fulfillment just as strife and new crucial. These components are inward in nature and effectively controllable by the administration. We were clarified on the sorts just as procedure of progress. It incorporates arranged sorts when cognizant choices made in responsive of determined issues. Spontaneous procedure of progress incorporates arbitrary just as abrupt arrangement with no sort of aim of tending to specific issues simultaneously. In the unfreezing stage, it gives met hod of reasoning to change just as makes minor degrees of blame and tension in a general way. For example, Evolutionary procedure of progress is steady yet progressive procedure of progress is quick just as emotional for the equivalent. It offers ascend to unfreezing stage, changing and freezing one once more. I assembled realities on pretend that clarified on three phase model created by Kurt Lewin. Talk 9 I

MIT.01 Intro to the Institute, part 3 (Finals)

MIT.01 Intro to the Institute, part 3 (Finals) The MIT.01 course, Intro to the Institute, has been very exciting to teach, and I expect that it will be added to the extensive list of courses already existing on OpenCourseWare. To gauge the extent of how well you understand MIT and how much the course taught you, I need you to answer the following questions immediately. 1) When was MIT founded? 2) If MIT was a fruit, what kind of fruit would it be? 3) What is the most appropriate way to react if you hugged the  alchemistand it hugged you back? 4) Do you agree that MIT courses are synonymous to downloading the internet into your brain? Why or why not? 5) Whats the most drastic change MIT is likely to face, come 2113? 6)Over a 1000 freshmen will be admitted over the course of the next few months into MIT. How many of them will you say hi to, if a new fish is born today? 7) “Are new fishes born yesterday or the day after tomorrow? Is born even appropriate?” How will a course 9 student interpret this? 8)If all the buildings on campus wage a war, what building will win? 9)The number of seniors anguishing over a p-set right now is given by the letter S. The number of freshmen that have planned out their course schedules down to the final year is given by the letter F. The number of MIT alumni sitting by a window and thinking dreamily of MIT right now is given by A. Determine the number of people that will complain about the meal plan tomorrow. 10) Imagine that MIT were some large, living entity composed of highly active mitochondria, and several glycolytic enzymes that are activated by Earth-core temperature (you can tell Im enjoying my biology class). If one of these enzymes is called Ihtfpase, why are you still reading this? â€" Running in uncomfortable high-heeled shoes after the Discover Electrical Engineering and Computer Science program I  talked about  was the week of orientation. Over one thousand eager beavers yet to experience the stoic firehose were split into small groups and plunged into a tornado of activities. The free food was endless, and the ability to make friends heightened. You merely had to look one freshman in the eye without freaking him or her out to begin a conversation. It was also possible to have walked up to them, grabbed their arms and torpedoed it around firmly, screaming, “HI, IM (blank)! NICE TO MEET YOU!! WHERE ARE YOU FROM? WHY ARE YOU HERE? WHO SENT YOU? WHAT COURSE ARE YOU THINKING OF? WHY?! WHAT WAS YOUR SAT SCORE? WHAT WAS YOUR GPA? WERE YOU VALEDICTORIAN?” Thats typically the point everyone labels you a name that “isnt very nice” and leaves you alone. Of course you should never get that vocal or intrusive, but you do have to learn a few skills, such as repeating your name, state/country of origin, dorm and intended major on an infinite loop. It isnt always formulaic though. Ordinarily, when you introduce yourself to someone, they say, “Oh cool, thats great!”. One evening however, while I was visiting a friend at Burton Conner (one of the dorms), I had the privilege of experiencing a conversation lessusual. Person: Hey, whats your name? Me: Hi, Im Vincent. Person: Where are you from? Me: Nigeria! Person: Wheres that? Me: Africa! Person: Oh, alright, awesome. (Thirty minutes later, a freshman walks in and “Person” jumps up in excitement, chiming, “Alright, let me introduce you to everyone! I got this!” Person looks around at all of us, and tries remembering our names) Person: Alright. Your names are Gary, Will, Stephen, Lillian (Person turns to me, tries to remember my name, cant remember. Person tries luck at guessing my name anyway) Person: Nigeria? â€" My birthday took place during Orientation, coinciding with President Reifs convocation. MIT had an awesome birthday gift for me: The Math Diagnostic Test for Physics Placement. After a fairly gloomy ninety minutes of poking my pencil at a paper, I hurried out of the exam hall and spoke with my family over the phone. It was the first time I was experiencing my birthday without them and even as I heard their laughters, and birthday wishes, and, in the case of my youngest brother, request for a laptop filled with games, I was thrown into the arms of homesickness again. That evening, I sat outside the Student Center, wondering what my siblings were breaking at home and wishing I could break it with them when I got a text message from a friend I had made during the Discover Electrical Engineering and Computer Science FPOP. He wished me a happy birthday and asked if we could hang out. We watched a hilarious movie and spent some time roaming down the rudely cold streets of Cambridge. The dreary thoughts of a faraway home vanished, replaced by idiotic  intellectual conversations about monkeys in evil forests that rendered people dwarves with a single knock, about songs that determined who farted in a room of innocent-looking people, about the incoming p-sets and how much we would enjoy them (classic freshman naivete). Kayode Ezike turned my birthday around, from a festival of wistful longing to an exciting period of carefree time-wasting.and I do mean exciting. Just as Kayode and I were headed back to his dorm, we approached an incoming train, which wou ld, in seconds, be directly in front of us. Thus came the dilemma of “to cross or not to cross”. Andwell, lets just say that its not on every birthday you get the luxury of a near-death experience. â€" Several free food marathons, information sessions, and “Hi, Im Vincent, whats your name?” conversation-openers later, orientation came to an end. An event called “Rush” followed, in which my life changed in several unexpected ways, but thats a topic for another blog post. After Rush came the dilemma of choosing classes. I had scored high enough on the math diagnostic to be recommended to take 8.012, a class commonly referred to as “Physics for Masochists”. I had to decide if I wanted to take it or not. I also had to decide which of the General Institute Requirement (GIR) classes I would be taking, and which of them would be through  concourse  . Concourse is an amazing learning community through which freshmen can take some of MITs larger lectures in significantly smaller settings, while having eternal access to an awesome lounge in the middle of campus, to weekly discussions that explored philosophy and the intersection of science and humanities, and to free Friday lunch! Well, here are the classes Im taking this semester: 18.01: Single-variable Calculus CC.801/CC.8012: Classical Mechanics through Concourse 7.012: Introductory Biology CC.113: Ancient Greek Philosophy and Mathematics through Concourse CC.A10: Concourse Friday Seminar. Ill talk more about them later. â€" Bridging the disconnect Ive been very excited about coming to MIT, and those moments in which I would slip into deep thought and realize how lucky I felt to be here have never really faded. But there were times I felt a bit disconnected from the world of MIT. It just seemed so mutually exclusive from my pre-MIT life, and something about the newness of everything, from American culture to the pace of classes, sporadically terrified me. It seemed as though I had been plunged out of my safe planet, headfirst into this new colony beyond the Solar System. The strongest sense of disconnection seemed to come from the cultural difference. I was trying to get used to the people, the accents, the food, to being a minority.The atmosphere of familiarity that had defined my pre-MIT life was missing, and I felt alienated. I lived with this alienation for a few days, becoming acquaintances with just enough people to warrant a friendly wave if I randomly came across them while straddling around campus, but not enough to let those relationships become a defining part of my MIT experience. Thankfully enough, it turned out time was all I needed, and as the days spent at MIT lengthened, a pattern began to emergewithin the communities I necessarily had to frequent, within my dorm and my classes and my floor, there existed a constant group of people I frequently saw and needed to talk to. It became clear that I had always felt at ease with my family and friends in Nigeria, not because we were tied to a unifying racial identity, but because we were tie d to shared experiences, to standing the test of time together, to piling up days and weeks and months within which we became a natural part of one anothers lives. And with time, MIT rang of this world I knew. I got the privilege of the worlds greatest roommate, James Deng. Apart from being a highly accomplished international olympiad participant with a deep interest in chemistry and a past research experience at Yale University, hes a great friend, the kind of person that sends me a text in the middle of the afternoon to see how Im doing, the kind of person that smiles and tells me, “Have a nice day of classes” just before heading out of the dorm, the kind of person that asks me if Im alright if I seem just a little downcast. A few days ago, James cooked dinner. We ate amazing food round a table and talked about our day. Its one of my best memories of this month. I could roll out of a bunch of names of people that mean a lot to me: Nick and Isaac and Hannah and Fiona and Cheng and Abigail and Rachel and Sophia, but those are just names, names behind which true, beautiful people lurk. The importance of companionship is something I may have taken for granted over the past few years, as I never got to really thinking about the value of the people that were always around me, but when I had to recreate these meaningful relationships this month, I reestablished their value. Life will always play its tune of unpredictable variation, but comfort comes from the constant truth that we can always make important human relationships, and that they can always keep us strong and happy. There was one concrete way I could tell that these people impacted me, these people I was getting to know beyond layers of names and intended course majors. They made me look forward to getting to see them in class, to p-setting with them, to merely just getting to talk to them. They made me think of MIT as a second home, not some impending degree attached to a bearable four-year timeline. They bridged the disconnect. â€" I hope that with these past three entries, Ive given you a sense of what MIT can be like, of how its energy can affect you, of how things like mystery hunts and robot projects can open your mind to new ways of thinking, but most importantly, of how everyone here, everyone you see when walking down the Infinite or running to catch a SafeRide bus, or dragging your feet to an advisor meeting, can amaze you with their interests, inspire you with their stories and engulf you with their kindness. I hope you stick around because this journey is just beginning.

Mt Sinai School Of Medicine - 783 Words

If you are currently not a full time student, please briefly describe the activities you are participating in this academic year, if it is not listed on your AMCAS application. In addition to working full time as a research technician at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, I have been trying to gain more clinical experience. I have shadowed a few physician-scientists from my laboratory who are oncologist while they are at clinics. I have also been in contact with a family doctor whom I plan on shadowing every weekend starting in September. Most of the physicians I have shadowed in the past were specialists in their field and I feel it is important to expose to all types of different physicians. Shadowing a family doctor will give me a better idea of what being a primary care provider entails. How did you learn about the program you are applying to? I first heard about Mt Sinai School of Medicine because my mother used to work as a cytogeneticist there. During high school, I spend a summer doing research at Mt Sinai in the lab of Dr Emily Bernstein, whose research focus was epigenetic regulation of gene expression in various biological processes, including cancer. I examine the expression level of a histone variant- macroH2A in breast cancer cell lines and was able to show that macroH2A expression is higher in metastatic than nonmetastatic cell lines. I had the opportunity to learn more about Icahn School of Medicine from a medical student I was working with. He told meShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Alzheimer s And Dementia Among Elderly Populations1709 Words   |  7 Pagesmental health must be addressed with urgency in light of the prevalence of increasing diagnoses of Alzheimer’s and dementia among elderly populations ( â€Å"President s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health†). The Physician’s Committe e for Responsible Medicine estimates that by age 85, nearly half of all North Americans will be affected by Alzheimer’s disease. 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(The prefix tele, derived from the Greek telos, implies â€Å"distance†; telemedicine literally means â€Å"medicine at a distance.†) During the Civil War, medical supplies lists and casualty reports were transmitted over Western Union s burgeoning telegraph network. The telephone was adopted early by physicians who used it to conduct consultations. And by WorldRead MorePtsd2558 Words   |  11 Pagesoften forgot fearful events (Hamilton). When administered in low doses intravenously to treat depression, ketamine has an almost immediate effect that can last up to 10 days and almost rid a person of depression. Dr. Dennis Charney, dean of Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, says â€Å"Better treatments are needed for PTSD because of the seriousness of the disorder, and available treatments are generally only partially effective (Chedekel). New research is showing that the depression and stress that cause changes

Proto-Cuneiform Earliest Form of Writing on our Planet

The earliest form of writing on our planet, called proto-cuneiform, was invented in Mesopotamia during the Late Uruk period, about 3200 BC. Proto-cuneiform consisted of pictographs — simple drawings of the subjects of the documents — and early symbols representing those ideas, drawn or pressed into puffy clay tablets, which were then fired in a hearth or baked in the sun. Proto-cuneiform was not a written representation of the syntax of spoken language. Its original purpose was to maintain records of the vast amounts of production and trade of goods and labor during the first flowering of the urban Uruk period Mesopotamia. Word order didnt matter: two flocks of sheep could be sheep flocks two and still contain enough information to be understood. That accounting requirement, and the idea of proto-cuneiform itself, almost certainly evolved from the ancient use of clay tokens. Transitional Written Language The earliest characters of proto-cuneiform are impressions of clay token shapes: cones, spheres, tetrahedrons pushed into the soft clay. Scholars believe the impressions were meant to represent the same things as the clay tokens themselves: measures of grain, jars of oil, animal herds. In a sense, proto-cuneiform is simply a technological shortcut instead of carrying around clay tokens. By the time of the appearance of full-fledged cuneiform, some 500 years after the introduction of proto-cuneiform, the written language had evolved to include the introduction of phonetic coding--symbols which represented sounds made by the speakers. Also, as a more sophisticated form of writing, cuneiform allowed the earliest examples of literature, such as the legend of Gilgamesh, and various bragging stories about rulers--but thats another story. The Archaic Texts The fact that we have tablets at all is accidental: these tablets were not meant to be saved beyond their use in Mesopotamian administration. Most of the tablets found by excavators were used as backfill along with adobe bricks and other rubbish, during rebuilding periods at Uruk and other cities. To date there are approximately 6,000 preserved texts of proto-cuneiform (sometimes referred to as the Archaic Texts or Archaic Tablets), with a total of approximately 40,000 occurrences of 1,500 nonnumerical symbols and signs. Most of the signs occur very rarely, and only about 100 of the signs occur more than 100 times. Proto-cuneiform writing was first identified on nearly 400 impressed clay tablets found in the sacred temple precinct of Eanna in the southern Mesopotamian city of Uruk. These were found during the early 20th century excavations by C. Leonard Woolley, and first published in 1935. All of them date to the very end of the Uruk period [3500 t0 3200 BC] and the Jemdet Nasr phase [3200 to 3000 BC].The largest assemblage of proto-cuneiform tablets are also from Uruk, about 5,000 of them discovered between 1928 and 1976 during excavations by the German Archaeological Institute.The Schà ¸yen collection, a collection of manuscripts looted from an untold number of archaeological sites all over the world, includes numerous proto-cuneiform texts from sites such as Umma, Adab and Kish.Proto-cuneiform texts comparable to Uruk III have been found at Jemdet Nasr, Uqair and Khafajah; illicit excavations since the 1990s have found several hundred additional texts. Content of the Tablets Most of the known proto-cuneiform tablets are simple accounts documenting the flow of commodities such as textiles, grain, or dairy products to individuals. These are believed to be summaries of allotments to administrators for later disbursement to others. About 440 personal names appear in the texts, but interestingly, the named individuals are not kings or important people but rather slaves and foreign captives. to be honest, the lists of individuals are not that different from those which summarize cattle, with detailed age and sex categories, except that they include personal names: the first evidence we have people having personal names. There are about 60 symbols which represent numbers. These were circular shapes impressed with a round stylus, and the accountants used at least five different counting systems, depending on what was being counted. The most recognizable of these to us was the sexagesimal (base 60) system, which is used in our clocks today (1 minute 60 seconds, 1 hour 60 minutes, etc.) and the 360 degree radii of our circles. The Sumerian accountants used base 60 (sexagesimal) to quantify all animals, humans, animal products, dried fish, tools and pots, and a modified base 60 (bisexagesimal) to count grain products, cheeses and fresh fish. Lexical Lists The only proto-cuneiform tablets that dont reflect administrative activities are the 10 percent or so which are called lexical lists. These lists are believed to be training exercises for scribes: they include lists of animals and official titles (not their names, their titles) and pottery vessel shapes among other things. The best known of the lexical lists is called the Standard Professions List, a hierarchically organized inventory of Uruk officials and occupations. The Standard Professions List contains 140 entries beginning with an early form of the Akkadian word for king. It was not until 2500 BC before the written records of Mesopotamia included letters, legal texts, proverbs and literary texts. Evolving into Cuneiform The evolution of proto-cuneiform to a subtler, broader type of language is evident in a discernable stylistic change from the earliest form about 100 years after its invention. Uruk IV: The earliest proto-cuneiform comes from the earliest layers at the temple of Eanna in Uruk, dated to the Uruk IV period, about 3200 BC. These tablets have only a few graphs, and are quite simple in format. Most of them are pictographs, naturalistic designs drawn in curved lines with a pointed stylus. About 900 different graphs were drawn in vertical columns, representing a bookkeeping system of receipts and expenditures, involving the goods, quantities, individuals and institutions of the Uruk period economy. Uruk III: Uruk III proto-cuneiform tablets appear about 3100 BC (Jemdet Nasr period), and that script consists of simpler, straighter lines, drawn with a stylus with a wedge shaped or triangular cross section nib. The stylus was pressed into the clay, rather than dragged across it, making the glyphs more uniform. Further, the signs are more abstract, slowly morphing into cuneiform, which was created by short wedge-like strokes. There are about 600 different graphs used in the Uruk III scripts (300 fewer than Uruk IV), and instead of appearing in vertical columns, the scripts ran in rows reading left to right. Languages The two most common languages in cuneiform were Akkadian and Sumerian, and it is thought that proto-cuneiform probably first expressed concepts in the Sumerian language (Southern Mesopotamian), and soon after that Akkadian (Northern Mesopotamian). Based on the distribution of the tablets into the broader Bronze Age Mediterranean world, proto-cuneiform and cuneiform itself were adapted to write Akkadian, Eblaite, Elamite, Hittite, Urartian and Hurrian. Resources and Further Reading Algaze G. 2013. The end of prehistory and the Uruk period. In: Crawford H, editor. The Sumerian World. London: Routledge. p 68-94.Chambon G. 2003. Meteorological Systems from Ur. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 5.Damerow P. 2006. The origins of writing as a problem of historical epistemology. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 2006(1).Damerow P. 2012. Sumerian beer: The origins of brewing technology in ancient Mesopotamia. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 2012(2):1-20.Woods C. 2010. The Earliest Mesopotamian Writing. In: Woods C, Emberling G, and Teeter E, editors. Visible Language: Inventions of Writing in the Ancient Middle East and Beyond. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. p 28-98.Woods C, Emberling G, and Teeter E. 2010. Visible Language: Inventions of Writing in the Ancient Middle East and Beyond. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.

Macro Environmental Analysis Free Essays

Melanie Verreault STMT-500 Strategic Management Analysis of Child and Family Services of Timmins and District Word Count: 2,494 November 8, 2009 Tracy Hillier Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 External Situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. We will write a custom essay sample on Macro Environmental Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now . 3 Internal Situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Five Forces Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Competitor Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 Objectives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 11 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 12 3 Introduction In 2000, CFSTD became the second social services organization in Ontario to amalgamate Children’s Mental Health and Protection Services. An appreciation of CFSTD and its services can be obtained by visiting its website: http://www. timminschildfamily. org In order to gain a greater understanding of CFSTD, a strategic management analysis will be completed. This goal will be achieved by completing the following: 1. an analysis of CFSTD’s external and internal situation; 2. an evaluation of CFSTD by using Porter’s Five Forces model, and; 3. an analysis of CFSTD’s main competition. Based on this assessment, strategic objectives will be identified and recommended. External Situation As presented by Grant (2007), macroenvironmental factors are beyond a firm’s control. To adapt and remain competitive, a firm must understand how these external influences â€Å"affect the firm’s industry environment† (p. 66). The six factors impacting the endeavours of a firm are demographic, economic, political/legal, ecological, socio-cultural, and technology. Barney (2007) states an analysis of the external situation identifies a firm’s â€Å"critical threats and opportunities in its competitive environment† (p. 1) and â€Å"examines how competition in this environment is likely to evolve and what implications that evolution has for the threats and opportunities a firm is facing† (Ibid). The following outlines these factors and their level of influence on CFSTD. Demographic:High The population of the City of Timmins can best be described as aging with a decrease in birth rate. It is important to add that the population of Native People migrating to the Timmins area from the James Bay coast is increasing. Since CFSTD’s main reason for operating is to offer services exclusively to youth under the age of sixteen and their respective families, the demographic factor scores high. Without this, threats such as decrease in ministry funding and personnel layoffs can occur. To 4 adapt to the changing demographic environment, CFSTD can implement new and creative initiatives by collaborating with other service providers. Economic:High The current economic situation has impacted most if not all of the world. As a result, government funding to organisations has been affected. Due to current budget cuts, CFSTD is facing threats of potential downsizing in various services, capping travel and other expenditures and suspending relevant personnel training initiatives. To respond to the changing economic environment, CFSTD can explore amalgamating programs and services, developing new partnerships and increasing its capacity in the volunteer sector. Political:Medium Whenever a new government is elected, changes to the legislation can be anticipated. Amendments made to provincial legislation such as the Child and Family Services Act impact CFSTD’s operation. Threats CFSTD can face due to the changing political environment are mostly cost and time demanding: development of new operation and administrative procedures, staff training in these areas, to name a few. However, developing and implementing new initiatives can translate into opportunities for CFSTD with the influence of the political environment. Ecological:Low Although located in a city where extreme weather conditions are experienced such as harsh winters with abundant snowfalls, the ecological situation poses minimal impact on CFSTD’s service delivery. Fortunately, with the implementation of videoconferencing services, travel to various areas is reduced. Thus, programming continues to be offered to the client population. Social/Cultural:Medium CFSTD’s culture encompasses a unionized personnel, which is mostly female, with a diversity in educational backgrounds, expertise and work experience. In addition, some of the personnel are fast approaching retirement. This factor can pose threats such as a delay in services offered to clients due to union issues, potential work stoppage, and a wealth of knowledge and expertise lost when veteran personnel retire. Should this be the case, an opportunity that CFSTD could explore, as mentioned in an article by Dychtwald et al. (2004), is to â€Å"create a culture that honors experience† (p. 51), 5 that is, to offer flexible contracts to retiring staff who can â€Å"step in at a moment’s notice by filling gaps and help bringing the next generation of leaders up to speed† (p. 54). Technological:Low CFSTD ensures that new technological initiatives are implemented on a regular basis. Potential threats could be additional staff training and resistance to endorsing new technological initiatives. Technology creates many opportunities such as improving efficiency of work practices and reducing overall costs. In sum, the DEPEST analysis indicates that demographic and economic factors significantly impact CFSTD while technological and ecological factors are minor influences. The socio-cultural and political factors have a mid-level effect on the organization. The external analysis points out the possible threats and opportunities that CFSTD faces. To complement this external analysis, an internal assessment will follow. As noted by Barney (2007), â€Å"an internal analysis helps a firm identify its organizational strengths and weaknesses† (p. 11). Furthermore, it will illustrate â€Å"which of its resources and capabilities are likely to be sources of advantage and which of them are less likely to be sources of such advantages† (Ibid). CFSTD’s internal situation will be analyzed using the VRIO framework. Internal Situation Barney (2007) states the VRIO framework is a â€Å"structured in a series of four questions to be asked about the business activities in which a firm engages† (p. 138). In addition, the â€Å"answers to these questions determine whether a particular firm resource or capability is a strength or a weakness† (Ibid). The following table summarizes the VRIO questions as they apply to CFSTD. 6 TABLE 1: VRIO analysis of CFSTD RESOURCES| CAPABILITIES| VALUABLE| RARE| IMITABLE| ORGANIZATION| IMPORTANCE| Annual funding| Staff are remunerated for providing services; covers capital costs for overall agency functioning. Finances are ministry driven. | YES| NO| NO| YES| High| Technology| Records agency’s overall administrative tasks (i. e. reports). Communication vehicle for staff. Video-conferencing services are available. | YES| NO| YES| YES| Medium| Personnel| Certified employees providing expertise inservices to client population. | YES| YES| NO| YES| High| Quantitative and qualitative assurance measures| Data collected through client surveys and agency’s network enables the agency to identify the client needs, develop new programs and initiatives and ensures the client population is being adequately serviced. | YES| NO| YES| YES| Medium| Location| Where services are provided for clients. Programming occurs in these various locations. YES| NO| YES| YES| Medium| Services| Multi-disciplinary agency providing a wide range of services to meet client population needs. | YES| YES| NO| YES| High| The findings of the VRIO analysis indicate which resources and capabilities are of significant importance to CFSTD. Ministry funding, is extremely relevant. Although provided on a quarterly basis, funding can change based on data re garding client 7 volume. CFSTD is bound to a funding formula which is reviewed on an annual basis by the government. Despite its potential for fluctuation, funding is a strength for CFSTD. Technology is a pertinent vehicle of communication. Technology permits CFSTD to offer specialized services to clients that are not readily accessible in the North. CFSTD personnel present as a relevant resource. The diversity and expertise of the personnel is of great value, strength and rarity. Data is another noted strength. The gathered information, analyzed with evidenced-based qualitative and quantitative measures, enables CFSTD to assess the needs and pressure points and, in turn, develop proposals and implement new initiatives that will better serve the client population. Services are also a relevant resource. CFSTD is the largest social service organisation within the area offering more than twenty programs and services that are unique and valuable. Annually, service enhancements take place via the program review process. Furthermore, collaborative projects are occurring with other service providers to offer services that meet clientele needs. Currently, location resources are a weakness. CFSTD is facing a potential closure of one of its facilities due to the constant low number of young offenders coming into custody. CFSTD is communicating with the ministry at this time regarding next steps. Overall, the internal analysis of CFSTD clearly identifies areas of strength and weakness and those requiring improvement. It is important to analyze how and where CFSTD fits into the non-profit industry and determine the intensity of competition and profitability (in this industry, profit is viewed by client volume and ministry funding). In order to do so, an evaluation of CFSTD will be conducted using Porter’s Five Forces of Competition Framework. Five Forces Analysis Grant (2007) states â€Å"Porter’s five forces of competition framework views the profitability of an industry as determined by five sources of competitive pressure† (p. 71). The following table evaluates CFSTD with these five forces. 8 TABLE 2: Evaluation of CFSTD using Porter’s Five Forces FACTORS| INDUSTRY: Non-Profit Child and Family Social Services Organisations| Threat of New Entrants| New government policy and/or amendments to legislation directly impact licensing requirements and overall service operations in social services organisations. Thus, new procedures are developed and new criteria must be met to receive allocation of funds and subsidies for programs and initiatives. | Bargaining Power of Suppliers| Unionized organisations are threatened by disagreements on job descriptions, training and worker performance, thus creating significant delays in service delivery and having an impact on funding. There is a threat of the collective bargaining agreement review and negotiation turning into a strike thus halting service operations. | Bargaining Power of Buyers| Ministry allocated funds for program proposals regarding new initiatives that meet Ministry expectations. Other service providers looking to collaborate and develop new partnerships for Ministry driven initiatives in order to receive financial allocation. | Threat of Substitute Products or Services| Private firms offering similar services. New provincial initiative where psychiatric services in the north will be offered via video-conference instead of face-to-face thus, decreasing the wait-time and wait-list for clients. New legislation regarding young offenders indicates that youth involved with the law are kept out of custody and instead assisted in their local communities. Thus, the number of youth entering facilities has decreased to the point of facility closures. | Rivalry Among Existing Competitors| Similar firms within the industry are competing for Ministry funds. Some firms are collaborating and creating partnerships on some initiatives thus dividing Ministry funds among them. | The findings in this analysis reveal the most significant aspects of CFSTD’s competitive environment. In his article, Porter (2008) note the â€Å"strongest competitive force or forces determine the profitability of an industry and become the most important to strategy formulation† (p. 0). Threat of new entrants and bargaining power of buyers are significant forces for CFSTD. Interesting enough, these forces pertain to the same entity: government. More 9 specifically, government legislation and funding influence CFSTD’s course of action when it comes to service implementation and development. However, in the non-profit industry, there is dual influen ce occurring. Funding, for instance is service/client driven. Thus, if CFSTD’s client volume is high, funding forecasts are at a higher level. Another significant factor is the bargaining power of suppliers. In this case, it is the firm’s personnel. Similar to the government, staffing poses as a threat and/or opportunity. The vision of CFSTD is to offer services to clients in order to promote well-being and safety. This goal cannot be achieved without the expertise and efforts offered by CFSTD employees. Although Porter’s model is better served in the profit industry, it has validity in the non-profit sector. It identifies the fundamentals and constraints of CFSTD all the while permitting CFSTD to have a certain degree of flexibility and creativity in this prescribed environment. In sum, Porter’s model is good to predict changes of profitability. In the case of CFSTD, profitability is a combination of funding with client and service volume. How can CFSTD predict the competitive moves rivals are likely to initiate? One possibility is to conduct a competitor analysis. The following will examine how information regarding rivals can assist in predicting behaviour. Competitor Analysis Grant (2007) notes that competitor analysis is an intra-industry analysis involving a â€Å"systematic approach of information gathering that makes clear what information is required and for what purposes it will be used. The objective is to understand one’s rival† (p. 107). At present, there are social services firms offering similar services to CFSTD. This paper focuses on the competitor most similar to CFSTD: Kunuwanimano Child and Family Services (KCFS). More details about KCFS can be found at their website: http://www. kunuwanimano. com The tool selected to complete this analysis is Porter’s four-part framework for predicting competitive behaviour. The following table outlines these details. 10 TABLE 3: Analysis of KCFS Factor| Comments| Strategy| * KCFS focuses on delivering child welfare and mental health services to First Nations children within their catchment area and work collaboratively with the communities they service. * Children and families will be cared for by the community and inherit the skills, knowledge and cultural traditions that will be provided by community members (www. kunuwanimano. com) * Approaches to working with youth and families guided by the seven sacred teachings. | Objectives| * Develop a service model respecting the inherit authority for child protection matters. Develop policies and procedures and protocols with service providers and First Nations communities that will address decision-making regarding child protection matters. * Obtain Ministry designation to offer mandated services. | Assumptions| * All First Nations people want to obtain services from KCFS. * All First Nations people want to inherit and learn traditional, cultural skills, customs and knowledge. | Resources and Capa bilities| Strengths: * Culturally specific services offered by staff with Native ancestry. * Ability to service eleven Native communities. Weaknesses: * No child welfare designation. * Collaboration with service providers in order to develop protocols, policies and procedures. * Frequent changes in personnel. | Currently, KCFS is at a standstill in obtaining its designation due to their unwillingness to collaborate with similar community service providers. In order for a firm to obtain designation from the Ministry, supervision by a similar firm is required. KCFS refuses to have CFSTD as their supervisor. Based on the above-mentioned, CFSTD can predict the following: 11 KCFS will not obtain its designation for several years and thus will not take over CFSTD’s Native client population; * There is a probability that many of CFSTD’s Native clients will choose to remain as clients of CFSTD, and; * CFSTD will remain as the leading organisation in child welfare services for the Timmins area. It is important to note that CFSTD continues its efforts to work with KCFS, in most part, to no avail. This framework has enabled CFSTD to assess key components of KCFS in order to make future predictions. Objectives Based on the various analyses completed in this paper, recommended strategic objectives are for CFSTD to: * Develop and implement a performance appraisal tool that encompasses competency modelling and that is congruent with CFSTD’s strategic plan; * Develop a contingency plan with the Ministry in the possibility of the closure of one of CFSTD’s locations; * Research and identify a framework such as management innovation that can be applied agency wide and that is in alignment with CFSTD’s strategic plan, and; * Develop and implement a plan to recruit qualified Native professionals. Conclusion Overall, the analyses completed in this paper have allowed us to better understand CFSTD. Now, we can appreciate how CFSTD is doing, what is working well, what requires enhancing and what directions CFSTD plans on going into in the near future. 12 References Barney, J. B. (2007). Chapter 1: What is strategy? In Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage (3rd ed. , pp. 1-16). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Barney, J. B. (2007). Chapter 5: Evaluating firm strengths and weaknesses. In Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage (3rd ed. , pp. 127-169). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc. Dychtwald, K. , Erickson, T. , Morison, B. (2004). It’s time to retire retirement. Harvard Business Review, 82(3), 48-57. http://library. athabascau. ca/mbadrr/STMT-500/ Chapter 5-Evaluating firm strengths and weaknesses. pdf Grant, R. M. (2007). Contemporary strategy analysis (6th ed. ). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. Kunuwanimano Child and Family Services (2009). Retrieved November 7, 2009, from http://www. kunuwanimano. com . Porter, M. (2008). The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Harvard Business Review, 86(1), 78-93. http://0-search. ebscohost. com. aupac. lib. athab ascau. ca/login. aspx? direct=true;AuthType=url, ip,uid;db=bth;AN=28000138;site=ehost-live How to cite Macro Environmental Analysis, Papers

Infection Risk Management for Health Inequalities - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theInfection Risk Management for Health Inequalities. Answer: Through Health Equity Audit (HEA), the decision making authorities are able to arrange the resources in planning of policies, strategies and projects so that it can help in reducing health inequalities. The Health Equity Audit Cycle consists of analyzing the issues with the highest impact on the society followed by assessing the gap between the need and access to the services, developing an action plan to bridge the gap between the two, prioritizing the actions, navigating the resources to suit the needs and lastly evaluating the progress and assessing the influence of the actions on the society (European Portal for Action on Health Inequalities, n.d.) . Analyzing the issues with the highest impact on the society is the first component of the Health Equity Audit which would be discussed in detail. There are various issues such as cancer, infant health, primary care which have a serious impact on the society. According to Pauly et al., (2013)various policy makers, public health professionals and the government are conducting several comprehensive health care programs to raise awareness for the prevention of cancer. The community groups and doctors are encouraging the citizens to increase their physical activity and to reduce the use of alcohol. They are also conducting campaigns to prevent the use of tobacco. For this purpose, Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs are being established to prevent and reduce tobacco use (Wallerstein et al., 2017). For example, Public Health Association of New Zealand has executed various prevention programs, early intervention programs to raise awareness among the people and to reduce the risk of CVD and cancer (Public Health Association of New Zealand, 2016). Thus, to conclude, it can be said that Health Equity Audit is a crucial device to reduce health inequalities. It provides a framework for analyzing the issues which have the highest impact on the society and develops the equity profiles, prioritizes the strategies and plans and monitors the action. References European Portal for Action on Health Inequalities (n.d.). Health Equity Audit Retrieved March 24, 2018 from https://www.health-inequalities.eu/tools/health-equity-audit/ Pauly, B., MacDonald, M., Hancock, T., Martin, W. Perkin, K. (2013). Reducing health inequities: the contribution of core public health services in BC. BMC Public Health, 13(550), 1-11. Public Health Association of New Zealand (2016) .Get Curious. Retrieved March 24, 2018 from https://www.pha.org.nz/ Wallerstein, N., Duran, B., Oetzel, J.G. Minkler, M. (2017). Community-Based Participatory Research for Health: Advancing Social and Health Equity. John Wiley Sons.